北京农田灌溉发展的现状与展望(刘洪禄 杨培岭 潘卫国)
摘 要：系统分析了北京市水资源现状及 农田灌溉的发展历史、现状、特点、发展趋势、存在的问题及对策与措施。介绍了北京郊区县几种典型节水灌溉方式。提出发展节水灌溉必须坚持水资源的用养结合，粮田要将田间节水作为重点，大力发展蔬菜和果树的节水灌溉，把水管理作为节水灌溉的重要内容，综合节水。
abstract：the features,history,and current of farming irrigation in beijing area,and the way to deal with its problem were discussde systematically in the paper.the experiences of water-saving irrigation and the main irrigation ways in agriculture were introduced. the main water-saving irrigation ways in beijing are sprinkling irrigation,pipe conveying irrigtion,sprinkling-pipe conveying irrigation,multi-well automatic pipe conveying irrigation,and micro-irrigation.the development of wwater-saving irrigation in beijing must be combined with the usage and conservation of water resources and the development of water-saving technology in field,such as the development of vegetable and orchard water-saving irrigation,the development of water management in irrigation,and the development of comprehensive water-saving technology. the agriculture in beijing should be a modern water-savin agriculture.
关键词 农田灌溉 节水型农业 现状
key words: irrigation, farming irrigation, water-saving agriculture
北京市属典型暖温带半湿润大陆性季风气侯带，多年平均降水量约为600mm［1］。降水量在年内分配不均,春季、秋季和冬季的降水量分别占全年降水量的9％、14％和2％。夏季的降水量占全年降水量的70％以上,雨量集中且强度大,约25％左右的降水可形成地表径流。降水量年际之间变化大,有记载的最多年降水量为1406mm,最少年降水量为242mm,二者差值达1164mm。
北京市水资源包括地表水和地下水两部分,目前地表水的开发程度已达90％以上,地下水则是持续超量开采。北京市平水年、偏枯水年、枯水年可利用的地表水资源量分别为18.6亿m3、11.8
北京农田灌溉发展的现状与展望(刘洪禄 杨培岭 潘卫国)
本文2010-03-12 14:58:50发表“农林鱼水论文”栏目。
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